This article critically examines the growing shift from voluntary encouragement to ๐ฆ๐๐ง๐๐๐ญ๐จ๐ซ๐ฒ ๐๐๐, and assesses its implications for ๐๐๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐จ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ญ and ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ซ๐ข๐ ๐ก๐ญ ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐ง ๐๐๐๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐ฏ๐ ๐ซ๐๐ฆ๐๐๐ฒ under human rights law.